Ransomware is a type of malicious software designed to block access to a computer system or data until a ransom is paid. Once a device becomes infected with ransomware, the malware encrypts files or locks up the system, making them inaccessible to the user. The attacker then demands payment in exchange for a decryption key or to unblock the system, typically in the form of cryptocurrency to make the transaction difficult to trace.
Ransomware can spread through malicious email attachments, compromised websites, or software vulnerabilities. It can have severe consequences, such as data loss, financial losses, and reputational damage for individuals and organizations.
Preventative measures against ransomware include keeping software up-to-date, using antivirus programs, being cautious of suspicious emails or links, and regularly backing up important data. In the event of a ransomware attack, it is recommended to seek professional assistance and avoid paying the ransom, as there is no guarantee that the data will be restored or that the attacker will not strike again.